I learned something interesting from a gal who works in a produce safety lab where they study pesticides. She said that on an apple (and I suppose on any hanging fruit) there is a lot more pesticide on the skin at the bottom of the fruit, since the rain and irrigation would tend to rinse it from the top but it tends to dry on the bottom. She said when you're washing fruit pay extra attention to that part. I'll try to remember this for non-organic or unknown source fruit. Sue in Richland WA